perIslamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch-IAU- Humanities and social sciencesJournal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning2783-30382783-30382021-1112115articleDaniel Tarmastdanieltarmast@gmail.com1Asok Kumar Ghosh drashoke.ghosh@gmail.com2Chee Keong Chen ckchen@usm.my3Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Tehran, IranProfessor, Department of Sports Science and Yoga, School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Education, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Belur Math, Howrah, West Bengal 711202, India.Professor, Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.Background: In Asian countries, like Malaysia, India, and Thailand, sago (SA) is frequently used as daily food. The use of local daily food as supplements over expensive drinks is cost–effective for athletes. Hence, SA (carbohydrate) could be recommended as affordable nutrition ingestion. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of SA, Soy (SO) protein, Sago+Soy (SS) supplementation (combination of carbohydrate and protein), and placebo (PL) during moderate–intensity cycling on subsequent 20–km time trial performance. Materials and Methods: The participants were 12 young male well–trained cyclists from Malaysia. They pedaled at 60% of VO2max for 90 min followed by a 20–km time trial (TT) in the heat. At 20 min intervals during cycling at 60% VO2max, participants consumed either SA, SO, SS, or a PL. The SA, SO, and SS feedings provided 7.5% SA, 7.5% SO, and 7.5% SA+1.5% SO respectively to drink iso–caloric beverages with an estimated energy level ~300 kcal. The average speed and cadence were also recorded during the TT. Results: Time taken for TT for SA, SO, SS, and PL were 42.8±1.8 min, 46.3±2.6 min, 42.7±2.3 min, and 43.2±1.8 min respectively. The TT performance, speed, and cadence of the cyclists did not exhibit any significant differences among the three trials. Conclusion: These data indicated that consumption of sago and soy, and iso–caloric SS (coingestion of sago and soy) during steady–state ride failed to improve the subsequent cycling performance in the heat. http://jspac.etb.iau.ir/Article/21112Carbohydrate Protein Iso–Caloric Sago Soy Cycling Time Trial HeatperIslamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch-IAU- Humanities and social sciencesJournal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning2783-30382783-30382021-11121630articleReza behdarirezabehdari@gmail.com1Soudabeh Ghasemis.ghasemi1367@yahoo.com2Seyed Kazem Mousavi Sadatidrmousavisadati@gmail.com3Assistant Professor in Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. MSc in Exercise Physiology, Sport NutritionDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranBackground: The results of some research studies have revealed the positive effect of the caffeine consumption on the muscle fatigue and anaerobic power of the athletes. According to these findings, the purpose of the present research study is investigating the effect of one session of exhaustive exercise and caffeine consumption on muscle fatigue levels and anaerobic power of the professional female karatekas. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 professional female karatekas who had at least been present in the Karate national team selected camp once, were chosen based on the entrance criteria and the purposive sampling. The samples were randomly divided into three homogeneous groups consisting of 10 individuals (two groups receiving the 6 and 9 milligrams of caffeine supplement for each kilogram of body weight) and the placebo (6 milligrams of dextrose for each kilogram of body weight). The blood samples were taken prior to and after the anaerobic exhaustive test of Cunningham and Faulkner. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference between the control and 9-miligram caffeine groups in all variables (P0.005). Finally, the results of the study demonstrated that there was a significant difference resulting from the effect of 6 and 9-milligrams caffeine amounts on the levels of lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, peak, average, anaerobic power and fatigue of the professional female karatekas (P0.005), though, there was no significant difference among the lactic acid, PH and the anaerobic power drop (P×0.005). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it is recommended that female karatekas use the 9-miligram dosage caffeine supplement for reducing the levels of muscle fatigue and increasing the anaerobic power and blood PH. http://jspac.etb.iau.ir/Article/21058Exhaustive Exercise Caffeine Muscle Fatigue Anaerobic Power Professional Female Karatekas. perIslamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch-IAU- Humanities and social sciencesJournal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning2783-30382783-30382021-11123142articleMasoumeh Hosseinimhbisadi@yahoo.com1Sahar Esmaeli DoraniSahar_dorani@yahoo.com2Associate Prof., Dept. of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranMSc in Exercise Physiology, Sport NutritionBackground: Metabolic syndrome is a set of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training and resveratrol consumption on the indicators of metabolic syndrome in overweight women. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 32 women with metabolic syndrome with body mass index of 25-29 / 29 were purposefully selected and randomly divided into four groups (8 people): aerobic training, resveratrol supplementation, training + supplementation and control. The training protocol was performed on a treadmill for 8 weeks with 3 sessions of 60 minutes per week, with an intensity of 75-60% of the heart rate. The supplement groups took one capsule containing 400 mg of resveratrol daily. Blood sampling was performed before the start of the research protocol and 48 hours after the last training session. Analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used (P ≤ 0.05). Results: The results showed that aerobic training with supplementation led to a significant decrease in waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL and a significant increase in maximal oxygen consumption (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, taking resveratrol supplementation along with aerobic training can have a positive effect on the indicators of metabolic syndrome. It is recommended to use aerobic training and resveratrol supplement to improve the physical condition of overweight women. http://jspac.etb.iau.ir/Article/19967Resveratrol Aerobic training Metabolic syndrome OverweightperIslamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch-IAU- Humanities and social sciencesJournal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning2783-30382783-30382021-11124354articleMobina AghajaniAGHAJANI@GMAIL.CIM1Abazar TeymouriAGHAJANI.MOBINA@GMAIL.COM2Elhamalsadat Zeinali mhelalizadeh@yahoo.com3Alireza MohammadiALIREZAMOHAMMADI@UT.AC.IR4Shadmehr Mirdar HarijaniSHADMEHR.MIRDAR@GMAIL.COM5Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. PhD Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.MSc in Exercise Physiology, Sport NutritionPhD Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences. Tehran University, Tehran, IranProfessor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.Background: Improving athletic performance has been one of the issues that athletes have long faced. Hundreds of sports supplements for athletes have been introduced to the market in recent years. The overall aim of the present study was to investigate the interactive effect of whey supplementation and resistance training on growth hormone and IGF1 levels in Men athletes. Materials and Methods: The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental and clinical trial. 24 male working bodybuilders (mean age 26.4 ±5.3, height 173.9 ± 7.7, weight 92.3 ± 11.6 and body mass index 28.8 ± 5.4), randomly divided into 2 complementary groups + Practice and practice were divided. Before and after 8 weeks of combined exercise program and whey supplementation (50 grams daily in the supplement group), selected body composition indicators of insulin-like hormone and plasma growth hormone and physical fitness factors including lower and upper limb muscle strength, speed, endurance Upper torso muscle, and agility were assessed. To compare the results before and after supplementation and exercise in each group, paired t-test was used, and to compare the results of the two groups with each other, an independent t-test was used using SPSS software version 20 and the significance level was P≥0.05 was considered. Results: In both groups, after eight weeks of training and consumption of whey protein, the levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1, muscle strength, and endurance increased significantly (P <0.05), but in comparison between groups in the post-test, there was a significant difference. Not observed (P <0.05). Conclusion: Whey supplementation probably does not affect growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and fitness factors in Men athletes. http://jspac.etb.iau.ir/Article/32004Resistance training whey Supplements Growth Hormone Insulin-like growth factors and fitness factorsperIslamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch-IAU- Humanities and social sciencesJournal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning2783-30382783-30382021-11125565articleMaryam Takhtytakhty.ma@gmail.com1Asal ZiloubafAsal.Ziloubaf@gmail.com2Samira Feridonisamiraferidoni@yahoo.com3Sadra SheidaeiSadra_Sheidaei@yahoo.com4Mostafa Rahimimostafa.rahimi20@gmail.com5PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.Master of Exercise Physiology, Sports Nutrition.Master of Exercise Physiology, Sports Nutrition.Master of Exercise Physiology, Sports Nutrition.Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.Background: Concurrent exercises are one of the most practical exercises for the development of physical fitness factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Concurrent training with calorie Aerobic on suppressing hormones of appetite (leptin, YY peptide and insulin) in overweight women. Materials and Methods: The present study is quasi-experimental research with pre-test-posttest design. In this Study, 30 overweight women (with a BMI> 25), eligible subjects were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups of 15, including the concurrent exercise group and aerobic exercise group. The training protocol in this study was performed for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week, the duration of each session was 90 minutes and one day in between. Data were evaluated using the statistical method of analysis of covariance at a significant level (P <0.05). Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test variables of fat percentage, leptin hormone, insulin hormone, maximum oxygen consumption, BMI, muscle endurance in concurrent exercise group with calorie Aerobic and aerobic exercise group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that doing concurrent exercises with calorie Aerobic in overweight women reduces weight and improves appetite-related hormones. http://jspac.etb.iau.ir/Article/31971Concurrent Exercise Training Insulin Leptin Peptide YY perIslamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch-IAU- Humanities and social sciencesJournal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning2783-30382783-30382021-11126683articleMaryam Rasouli Saniabadimaryamrasouli20@yahoo.com1Abdolrasoul Daneshjoophdanesh@yahoo.com2Alireza Eizadialiizadi14@yahoo.com3MSc in Exercise Physiology, Sport NutritionAssistant Prof., Dept. of Exercise bio mechanic, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of endurance exercise combined with myoclinic diet and Calorie restriction on the lipid profile of overweight women. Materials and Methods: The method of the present study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. For this purpose, 45 women referred to the Tehran Region 1 Fitness Club with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 30 and in the age group of 35 to 45 years voluntarily participated in this study. Subjects were homogeneously divided into three groups of 15 people based on weight, height and body mass index, including the endurance training group with myoclinic diet, the endurance training group with Calorie restriction and the endurance training group alone. Endurance exercise was three sessions per week for eight weeks. The program, 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, starting at 65% of maximum heart rate and increasing by 5% every two weeks until it reached 80% of maximum heart rate in the last week. The recommended diet for the endurance training groups with the Myoclink diet and the endurance training group with the Calorie restriction was given. Endurance training was also asked not to change their normal diet. Subjects' lipid profiles were measured before and after the training protocol. One-way ANOVA use for data analyses. Results: The results showed that in overweight women endurance training combined with myoclinic diet and endurance training combined with Calorie restriction improve the lipid profile (lowering total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increasing HDL) more than endurance training alone. (P ≤ 0.05) ؛ Also, there was no significant difference between the effect of endurance training with myoclinic diet and endurance training with Calorie restriction on improving lipid profile. (P ≥ 0.05) Conclusion: Combining endurance training with myoclinic diet or calorie control can be effective in improving the fat profile. http://jspac.etb.iau.ir/Article/24249endurance exercise myoclinic diet Calorie restriction lipid profile